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South Africa has faced challenges related to gang activity, particularly in urban areas where socio-economic factors, unemployment, and inequality contribute to the formation and perpetuation of gangs.
Urban centres are often battlegrounds for gang wars, with drug trade, territorial disputes, and violence being commonplace. These profoundly affect community life and safety. Cities like Cape Town are significantly affected, seeing South Africa occupy the top 5 most dangerous cities in Africa.
EXAMPLES OF SOUTH AFRICAN GANGS:
Numbers Gangs (26s, 27s, 28s):
The Numbers Gang is one of the most infamous prison gangs in South Africa, and it operates within the country's correctional facilities.
The gang is divided into different "number" groups, each with its own hierarchy and set of rules.
The 26s, specialise in robbery and smuggling goods into the prison.
To join the 27s, a potential member must stab a guard or warden.
The 28s are typically violent sexual offenders who assault other male inmates.
Cape Flats Gangs:
The Cape Flats area near Cape Town has been a hotspot for gang activity.
Various gangs operate in this region, including the Americans, Hard Livings, and the Mongrels.
These gangs often engage in territorial disputes, drug trafficking, and other criminal activities.
Laughing Boys Gang:
Based in Johannesburg, the Laughing Boys are known for their involvement in various criminal enterprises, including drug trafficking and extortion.
They have been active in areas such as Westbury and Eldorado Park.
Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13):
Originally formed in Los Angeles, MS-13 has a presence in South Africa, particularly in Cape Town.
This gang has been associated with violent criminal activities, including drug trafficking and human trafficking.
Jamaican Posses:
Some South African gangs have connections with international criminal organisations, such as Jamaican Posses.
These gangs are involved in drug trafficking and other transnational crimes.
The notion that gangs in South Africa are protected by communities is a complex and multifaceted issue, and it is crucial to avoid generalisations. While there may be instances where individuals within a community might be indirectly or inadvertently supportive of gangs, it is essential to understand the underlying factors that contribute to such dynamics:
Economic Pressures:
In many impoverished communities, residents may face significant economic challenges, including high unemployment rates and limited access to educational and job opportunities.
In such environments, joining a gang might be perceived as a way to secure income through illicit means, and community members may provide tacit support to gang members out of economic desperation.
Lack of Trust in Law Enforcement:
Some communities may have a historical distrust of law enforcement due to past experiences of corruption, brutality, or perceived inefficiency.
In such cases, residents might be hesitant to cooperate with the police, leading to a lack of community support for efforts to combat gangs.
Fear of Retaliation:
Gangs often employ intimidation and violence to maintain control over their territories.
Residents may fear reprisals if they cooperate with law enforcement or speak out against the gangs.
This fear can create a culture of silence and complicity within communities.
Limited Alternatives:
In areas with limited social services and recreational opportunities, young individuals may find a sense of belonging and identity within a gang.
If communities lack positive alternatives, the appeal of gang life may increase, and some community members may inadvertently protect gang members due to familial or social ties.
Social Structure and Networks:
In some instances, gangs may provide a form of social structure and support, especially in communities where traditional social institutions are weakened.
Individuals may join gangs for a sense of belonging, and the community may inadvertently protect gang members due to familial relationships and close social networks.
Gangs are also known for their help in these communities, often helping financially or distributing household essentials, clothing and food.
REFERENCES:
Specialised Security Services invites the public to the Mike Bolhuis Daily Projects WhatsApp Group. This group is important in delivering insights into the latest crime trends, awareness, warnings and the exposure of criminals.
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Regards,
Mike Bolhuis
Specialist Investigators into
Serious Violent, Serious Economic Crimes & Serious Cybercrimes
PSIRA Reg. 1590364/421949
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